Mudabicara.com_ The despotism government system is one of the government systems in the world. This model of government system was popular in its time.
Even though it is rarely the subject of discussion by social scientists, the despotism system of government needs young friends to talk to and gain knowledge about political insight.
Now! This article discuss in depth the despotism government system, both in terms of understanding and characteristics. For more, see the following reviews:
READ ALSO: Definition of Government System, Types and Examples
Definition of Despotism Government System
Based on the Big Indonesian Dictionary (KBBI) the despotism system of government has almost the same meaning as the autocratic, royal and monarchy government system.
In this system of government, a despot will act and behave arbitrarily because his power is not limited by a clear time.
The tendency of a despotic is a person who leads the government with a single entity either in the form of groups or individuals.
Therefore, the government easily abuses its authority and is absolute and dictatorial. In general, to achieve social order, the authorities will use violence and threats of punishment.
READ ALSO: Political System, Definition and Kinds
Not infrequently the authorities will carry out mass murder and genocide against citizens because citizens are like only a slave to the state.
This absolute, full and unrestricted power causes a despot to tend to fraud and corruption because there is no supervising structure.
Montesquieu, a political scientist during the Enlightenment, argued that the fundamental difference between despotism and monarchy was rule and time.
If in a despotism government system, the ruler or government is based on their own desires, so they tend to be despots and arbitrary.
While the system of government, monarchy, ruler or government uses law in carrying out its government and it is permanent and binding.
The Beginning of Despotism’s System of Government
In Greek times the term despotism attached to them an employer or master in a household. These employers ruled the servants or housekeepers who were basically slaves at the time.
Along with the development of the times, then despotism turned into one that is synonymous with government and power.
In the early eras of human civilization, the despotic system of government was very common as a system of government and governance.
The term despotimse then describes a tyrannical rule. The reference is clearly to a ruler and leader who practices power in a cruel and oppressive way.
The beginning of the emergence of despotism which refers to the government was done by a French ruler in the 1960s named Louis XIV .
READ ALSO: Knowing 10 Kinds of Leadership Styles, Here's the Answer
Louis XIV brought the system of government into a more free, arbitrary and irregular form of governance of the king’s power.
Based on other historical records, the term despot was first used by Manuel I Komnenos to legitimize the heirs of Alexius-Béla. Originally Despot was a title in the Byzantine empire (1143-1180).
However, despotism does not always have a negative connotation. For example, when there were issues related to ideas during the Enlightenment era.
At that time an absolute king used his power to do various things from structuring to reforming the social system and political system.
In other words, the absolute power held by a visionary ruler will also bring up various good things and changes that tend to favor all groups.
Some of the rulers who have used the despotism system of government are Pharaohs. In the days of the pharaohs unlimited power whatsoever so that the pharaohs liked how to run the government.
In the modern era we can see General Idi Amin Dada Oumee ruler of Uganda in the period 1971-13 April 1979.
This Ugandan dictator made history in his own name as a butcher of the people and oppressor of the people. For almost 9 years the people of Uganda have been haunted by violence and murder.
Characteristics of Despotism Government System
1. Absolute Power
In a despotism government system, the form of government is absolute with only one leader or ruler. The absolute power of the ruler causes the ruler to be cruel to anyone who opposes his will.
At that time, people who embraced despotism as a system of government did not know the narrative of a democratic political system like the current modern era.
READ ALSO: Totalitarian Political System, Definition, Kinds and Characteristics
2. Government Is Not Based On Laws And Rules
In a despotism government system, there are no binding legal rules so that the power holders are free to do whatever they want.
The rule of law in this system of government is only based on the will of the ruler. Right and wrong depend on the personal authority, not on the conventional understanding of society.
3. Power Not Limited Time
In practice, the power of the despotism system does not have a time limit of power. Almost similar to the monarchical system of government, power in the despotism system will be passed down to their descendants.
4. Citizens Only As Slaves and Servants
In the absence of the rule of law and the time limit in power, the people in the despotism system are only slaves and servants to the rulers.
Not infrequently a ruler has all the property rights to the country and its territory. Citizens do not have private property rights.
Economic activity comes from their work to manage the resources owned by power.
READ ALSO: Liberal Democratic Political System, Definition, Kinds and Characteristics
5. Social Order Through Threats
In a political system, be it an authoritarian political system, a totalitarian political system and even a democratic political system, to achieve social order, a ruler uses rules or laws. The law applies to all parties, both in power and the people.
However, in a despotism government system to achieve social order and order, the government uses threats both in the form of violence and punishment.
6. Frequent Murder and Violence
In the absence of binding regulations for the rulers, the rulers can freely run the government system as they wish.
Therefore, in resolving a conflict there is no clear mechanism so that who is more powerful and stronger will win.
In this system of government, the rulers also do not hesitate to use violence and even murder to anyone who opposes their will.
7. No Opposition in Government
In running the government system there is no opposition, apart from the fact that the depotism government system does not yet have a mechanism, this government system makes the rulers have all kinds of resources.
Resources that are none other than this community must always be submissive and obedient to the orders of the rulers. Whatever is the command of a ruler must be a priority.
Now! Thus the explanation this time about the despotism government system, hopefully it can be a reference for young friends to talk to all of them.