One of the keys to a healthy life is to move your body actively. By actively moving, several parts of the body such as muscles and bones will also become more trained. In the end, the body will become stronger and less susceptible to disease.
Therefore, the movement organs in the human body also have a very important role. Just imagine if humans did not have movement organs in their bodies. Of course, all actions carried out by humans are difficult.
Movement organs are not only needed by humans, but movement organs are also needed by animals. Talking about movement organs, do you know the various movement organs in the body?
So, if you haven’t, then you can read the entire review regarding the various movement organs in the body only in this article. All explanations regarding movement organs will be discussed in more depth here.
Understanding Movement Organs
When we want to take something, of course the reflex or movement we will make is to reach out our hand and grab the item we want to take. This process will take place naturally. This also applies to other movements, for example when we walk or run.
But did you know that behind every movement that looks so natural there are complicated mechanisms that occur in the body, both humans and animals. Where the body can move because of the movement system or what can be called musculoskeletal.
It is also important to know that the movement organs in the human body are the same as the movement organs in animals. Where the movement organs will be divided into two types, namely active movement organs and passive movement organs.
These two types of movement organs certainly have different roles and functions. Active movement organs are like muscles and passive movement organs are like bones.
Muscles can be called active organs of movement because basically muscles have chemical compounds that can cause movement, for example contracting, relaxing and moving something.
This is so different from bones which cannot move independently that they are called passive movement organs. In order to move the bones, they are moved by muscles. Apart from that, bones are also a place where muscles attach, support the body, form blood cells and protect vital organs.
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Types of Movement Organs
1. Muscle Movement System
As explained previously, muscles are a type of active movement system. Muscles will move by contracting and relaxing. When the muscle contracts, it will become shorter in size, harden and form a bubble in the middle.
When a muscle contracts, the bone will be pulled. In order to return the bones to their original position, relaxation will be required. That means there must be another muscle that contracts in order to pull the bone to its initial position.
Simply put, to move bones requires the cooperation of two types of muscles in different ways. There are three types of muscles in the body. Two muscles are included in the human movement system, namely skeletal muscles and smooth muscles.
Skeletal muscles consist of elastic fibers which make it possible for the body to move freely. Where this muscle will attach to the bones and parts around the joints. Skeletal muscle movements will also be regulated by the brain.
Then, these muscles will move consciously according to our wishes. Examples of skeletal muscles are calf muscles, thigh muscles, abdominal muscles and arms.
Meanwhile, smooth muscles have a different role from skeletal muscles whose movements are carried out consciously. Where smooth muscles will move automatically without any desire.
That is why, the movements of smooth muscles are regulated by the brain. However, the movements carried out are also based on needs, not desires. Examples of smooth muscles are the muscles in digestion and the arteries.
Muscle is tissue in the human body and has a function as an active means of movement in helping bones to move. Without muscles, the human body would not be able to move, and because of muscles, bones are able to move.
Judging from the type, muscles are divided into three, namely smooth muscles, cardiac muscles and striated muscles. Striated muscle itself is tissue formed by muscle cells and its shape is like a spiral and the ends tend to be more tapered. Then, the heart muscle itself is located in the heart wall.
Meanwhile, striated muscle, which can also be used as skeletal muscle, is attached to parts of the skeleton. It is called striated muscle because when we look at it using a microscope you will see bright dark lines in the muscle fibers.
2. Bone Movement System
If muscles are active organs of movement, then bones are passive organs of movement. That means bones can only work or move when there is help from muscles. Bones themselves are formed from calcium in the form of salt and are tightly attached to collagen.
During development, the shape of the bones can experience changes or abnormalities if there are disorders that have been present since birth. For example, such as infection, wrong body position or perhaps nutrition and nutritional factors.
You need to know that one bone is connected to another bone by a joint. Apart from having a role in movement, bones also have other functions related to the body. What are the other functions of bones? This is the complete explanation.
- As body phonation
- Bones are able to protect vital organs in the body
- Bones are able to store calcium
- Bones are capable of producing blood cells
- Naturally, bones will be able to renew themselves every 10 years.
- Then every year around 20 percent of the total bones in the body will be replaced with new ones.
The skeleton in the human body will be divided into three large groups, starting from the skull, body and limbs. Each group of bones has its own function and role.
The following is the function of each group of skulls in the body.
- The skull is the human movement system which is composed of selected bones which are also the place for the formation of red and white blood cells. There will be two parts of the skull each except the tongue bone, skull bone and forehead bone.
- Human body parts will be separated into five more groups, namely the spine, ribs, sternum, shoulder girdle and also the pelvic girdle.
- Meanwhile, the limbs will be further divided into two parts, namely the upper limbs and the lower limbs. Where the limbs will be found in the right hand and left hand. Meanwhile, the lower limbs are the framework that makes up the right leg and the left leg.
If we look at the types, the bones in the human body are divided into two types, namely cartilage and hard bones. To make it even clearer, the following is the definition of cartilage and hard bone.
- Cartilage is bone that is composed of cartilage cells. Where cartilage has flexible properties because it has space between the bone cells. Starting from the tips of the ribs, nose, ears, trachea, larynx, bronchi, and between the vertebrae.
- Hard bones will have a denser texture compared to cartilage. Apart from that, hard bones have harder properties. This type of hard bone is formed by osteoblasts, a type of bone-forming cell. Apart from that, in hard bones there are also many types of limestone which exist between the hard bone cells with a little adhesive substance.
This also makes this type of bone hard. Inside the hard bones there are also haversian canals which also contain blood vessels. Some examples of hard bones are the shin bones, arm bones and collar bones.
3. Joints
Simply put, joint is the term used for the junction between two bones. For example, the jaw joint is the junction between the lower and upper jaw bones. Human joints generally work like hinges.
Where movement will be possible between the two bones and joints, this is also included in the movement system. The type itself is divided into several types. These two types of joints will have different roles. The following is the explanation.
- Dead joints or synarthrosis are joints that have no gaps. This will prevent the joint from moving. An example is the joint that connects the bones in the skull.
- Stiff joints or amphiarthrosis are a type of joint that can be moved but only limited. For example, the joints in the spine, the joints in the wrist and also the joints in the breastbone.
- Movable joints or diarthrosis are joints that can be moved freely.
- A hinge joint that can move like a hinge on a door. These joints will allow bone movement in one direction. Then, an example of a hinge joint is the joint at the knee and elbow.
- Then, there is a saddle joint which is also able to make the bones move in two directions. An example is the joint that connects the knuckles to the palm of the hand.
- Sliding joints are joints that allow sliding movements to occur in bones. An example is the joint in the spine.
- Rotary joints allow one bone to move because of the axis of the other bone. An example is the joint that connects the ulna and the ulna.
- Meanwhile, the bullet joint makes one of the bones take the shape of a knob so that the bone can move in all directions. For example, the joints that connect the arm bones with the shoulder girdle and thigh bones and also the pelvic girdle.
If you look at the movements, the joints in the human body can be divided into several types as explained below.
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a. Synovial Joints Or Joints That Can Move Freely
Synovial joints or joints that can move freely are a type of joint that can be seen from its movement. Just as the name suggests, this type of joint can move freely, from up to down to the hatch.
Examples of synovial joints are the hip, shoulder, knee and elbow joints and ankles. Often this type of joint is referred to as a ball joint. Synovial joints can move freely because of the presence of synovial fluid.
Where this fluid will be between the bones that form synovial joints and has a function as a lubricant to facilitate movement of the bones. Synovial joints are also divided into several types, such as hinge joints which are capable of movement in one direction, such as the knee.
Then, there is a swivel joint that we can find on the head. Lastly is the ball and socket joint which is capable of free movement. In this type of joint, the end of one bone will be in the depression of another bone, for example in the hip and ankle joints.
b. Fibrous joints or joints that cannot move
Immovable joints or fibrous joints are the next type of joint. An example of a fibrous joint is in the skull of the head. This type of joint is also often referred to as a dead joint. Where the skull bones will actually consist of flat bone plates that can move when the baby is born, but only slightly.
However, when the growth period comes, this condition will stop, the bone plates will eventually fuse together until they cannot move.
c. Cartilaginous Joints Or Partially Movable Joints
An example of a cartilaginous or partially movable joint is the spinal joint. These bone joints are connected by cartilage and can move along the bones at the top or bottom.
Easy Tips for Maintaining Bone Health
The following are several ways you can maintain bone health.
1. Exercise regularly
One way to maintain healthy bones and muscles is to do regular exercise. Several studies show that exercise is very good at encouraging bone growth, increasing bone density and strength, strengthening joints and muscles and preventing bones from becoming porous.
To get these benefits, you can start by doing various types of exercise. Starting from walking, going up and down stairs, swimming, yoga, cycling and so on.
2. Adequate calcium intake
Calcium is the main mineral in bones. Where this substance is one of the main components in the formation and structure of bone tissue. Therefore, it is important for us to have sufficient calcium every day to maintain bone health.
The daily calcium requirement for adults is around 1,000 mg. Then, for seniors over 50 years of age it is around 1,200 mg. You can try to consume foods high in calcium such as milk, broccoli, sardines, kale, tofu, tempeh, fish and so on to maintain calcium availability.
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3. Adequate Vitamin D Intake
Not only calcium, but meeting your Vitamin D needs is one of the easiest ways to maintain health and form stronger bones. Where Vitamin D functions to help the human body absorb calcium and prevent bone loss.
The daily intake of Vitamin D needed by adults is around 15 micrograms or 500 IU. Meanwhile, for the elderly it is around 20 micrograms or 800 IU.
Even though our bodies can form Vitamin D with the help of exposure to sunlight in the morning and evening, it is also a good idea to support it by consuming foods that are rich in Vitamin D such as milk, cheese, fish, liver, mushrooms and so on.
So, that’s an explanation of easy ways to maintain healthy bones and muscles that you can do. You can do each of the methods above independently so that your bone and muscle health remains in the best condition every day. Hopefully all the discussion above is useful for you, Mudalovers.
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