{"id":1844,"date":"2023-09-28T20:35:32","date_gmt":"2023-09-28T20:35:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/?p=1844"},"modified":"2023-09-28T20:35:32","modified_gmt":"2023-09-28T20:35:32","slug":"this-is-the-biography-of-sultan-hamid-ii-family-history-and-political-career","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/this-is-the-biography-of-sultan-hamid-ii-family-history-and-political-career\/","title":{"rendered":"This is the biography of Sultan Hamid II: Family history and political career"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mudalovers<\/em> friends, do you know this figure? <\/span>His name is often considered an antagonistic figure in Indonesian history. <\/span>Only a handful of people know that he is the designer of the state symbol of the Eagle Rajawali\u2013Garuda Pancasila, which is currently the symbol of the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia (NKRI), namely Garuda Pancasila.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

“Perhaps this is what I can contribute to my nation, and hopefully my first contribution (the national symbol) will be useful for the country we love.”<\/span><\/span><\/i><\/p>\n

Those were the words spoken by Sultan Hamid II when he handed over the archive of the National Emblem Design to Mas Agung, Chairman of the Idayu Foundation, Jakarta on 18 July 1974. The United Republic of Indonesia (RIS) itself established the Eagle Rajawali\u2013Garuda Pancasila as the state symbol on 11 February 1950.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Furthermore, the original design drawing of the Indonesian State Emblem was then designated as a National Cultural Heritage Object through Decree of the Minister of Education and Culture Number 204\/M\/2016 on 26 August 2016. <\/span>Now, the position of the state symbol is parallel to the red and white national flag and the national anthem Indonesia Raya.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sultan Hamid II’s political career was indeed short and full of twists and turns. <\/span>This was because he was a pro-Dutch and Indonesian figure, especially when this nation wanted to gain independence from the Dutch occupation of Indonesia.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

The general opinion that was formed about him was that he was someone who had been “stuck in a historical accident” or even more extreme, a “former convict in a political case”. <\/span>However, is that really the “stamp of history”?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Isn’t there a positive side to his contribution that deserves honest recognition and appreciation in the course of the nation’s history? <\/span>Have the historical facts regarding his national work really been submerged along with the political turmoil of the past, so that his role has not risen to the surface?<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sultan Hamid II was indeed double-faced in his political career. <\/span>He was pro for the Netherlands when he was able to achieve several quite prestigious positions. <\/span>One of them is becoming Chair of the Bijeenkomst voor Federaal Overleg (BFO) or the Consultation of Federal States, which is a Dutch product.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

However, Indonesia’s role in the Round Table Conference (KMB) is not solely to fight for BFO and federalism. <\/span>He was able to persuade Queen Juliana that the Netherlands was willing to hand over sovereignty of all its former colonies in the Dutch East Indies to RIS.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

On December 27 1949, Queen Juliana officially handed over sovereignty of the Dutch East Indies to the head of the Indonesian delegation, namely Mohammad Hatta, at a meeting at Dam Palace, Amsterdam.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

That is a little proof of the diplomatic skill of Sultan Hamid II, who was also\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>Adjutant in Buitenfgewone Dienst bij HN Koningin der Nederlanden<\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0(Aide in Extraordinary Service to Her Majesty the Queen of the Netherlands), which is the highest rank as assistant to the queen of the Kingdom of the Netherlands.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

After being recognized for its existence by the international community, the transition to the founding of Indonesia then resulted in a conflict of ideas in initiating the form of the state. <\/span>This conflict of thought was born from a disagreement between the concept of a “unitary state” (federalist) and the concept of a “unitary state” (unitarist).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Sultan Hamid II, in politics and fighting for the independence of a nation and state, believed that the Malay Archipelago (current Indonesia) was more appropriate to use a federal system in its constitutional system.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

However, he received opposition from republicans (unitarists) at that time, many of whom were on the island of Java (especially Yogyakarta) who wanted centralized domination or a unitary system (unitarism).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

To get to know this figure more clearly, let’s look together at the following brief explanation of the life history of Syarif Abdul Hamid Alkadrie or Sultan Hamid II.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

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<\/span>Family History of Sultan Hamid II<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n
If we talk about Sultan Hamid II at the level of Indonesian state history, we actually cannot separate the existence of the Pontianak Qadriyah Sultanate, which is the only youngest sultanate in the archipelago, especially in West Kalimantan. <\/span>This sultanate was founded on October 23, 1771.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Sultan Syarif Abdul Hamid Al-Qadrie or commonly known as Sultan Hamid II and Syarif Hamid II of Pontianak, was the 7th sultan of the Qadriyah Sultanate of Pontianak (1945\u20131978). <\/span>He was born in Pontianak, West Kalimantan on July 12 1913, coinciding with 7 Sha’ban 1331 H.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
He is the son of the 6th Sultan of Pontianak, Sultan Syarif Muhammad Al-Qadrie from his third wife, Syecha Jamilah Syarwani. <\/span>Sultan Hamid II had a sibling named Syarif Machmud Al-Qadrie, the father of Syarif Abubakar Al-Qadrie who is now the Sultan of Pontianak. <\/span>Apart from that, he still has seven siblings from another mother.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
When he was little, he was raised by a\u00a0 <\/span>\u00a0British woman named Miss Fox, who always called him Max <\/span><\/span>. <\/span><\/span><\/em>Sultan Hamid II grew up in the Qadriyah Palace, Pontianak Sultanate. <\/span>He is a descendant of the founder of Pontianak State, Sultan Syarif Abdurrahman Al-Qadrie.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Syarif Abdurrahman Al-Qadrie became the first sultan of the Pontianak Sultanate from 1 September 1778 to 28 February 1808. His title as sultan was then succeeded by his son, Sultan Syarif Kasim Al-Qadrie (1808\u20131819).<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Furthermore, he was successively replaced by Sultan Syarif Usman Al-Qadrie (1819\u20131855) as the third sultan, Sultan Syarif Hamid Al-Qadrie (1855\u20131872) as the fourth sultan, Sultan Syarif Yusuf Al-Qadrie (1872\u20131895) as sultan fifth, and Sultan Syarif Muhammad Al – Qadrie (1895\u20131944) as sixth sultan.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Sultan Syarif Muhammad Al-Qadrie reigned from 15 March 1895 until he was captured and killed by Japanese troops on 24 June 1944. After the interregnum\u00a0 <\/span><\/span>(<\/span><\/span><\/em> \u00a0vacancy in government) from 24 June 1944\u201323 October 1945, because of Japan’s position in West Kalimantan and at the same time as the World War. II, Syarif Abdul Hamid Al-Qadrie (Sultan Hamid II) was appointed the seventh Sultan of Pontianak.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
When Japan defeated the Netherlands and the Allies on March 10 1942, he was also held captive until August 1945. He was released when Japan surrendered to the Allies and was promoted to colonel.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
When his father died as a victim of Japanese aggression, he was appointed Sultan of Pontianak to replace his father on 29 October 1945 with the title Sultan Hamid II. <\/span>His appointment as the seventh sultan of the Pontianak Sultanate was because he was the only son of Sultan Syarif Muhammad Al-Qadrie who survived the Japanese capture and murder.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
\n
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<\/span>Sultan Hamid II’s Political Career and Contribution to Indonesia<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n
<\/span>1. RIS Cabinet Formation Council and Portfolio State Ministers in 1949<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
Through RIS Presidential Decree No. <\/span>1 of 1949 dated 18 December 1949, Sultan Hamid II was appointed as one of the cabinet formators together with Drs. <\/span>Mohammad Hatta, Ide Anak Agung Gde Agung, and Sri Sultan Hamengkubuwana IX.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Furthermore, through RIS Presidential Decree No. <\/span>2 of 1949 dated 20 December 1949, Sultan Hamid II was appointed Portfolio State Minister together with:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n