{"id":210,"date":"2022-09-26T06:45:45","date_gmt":"2022-09-26T06:45:45","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/?p=210"},"modified":"2022-09-26T06:57:58","modified_gmt":"2022-09-26T06:57:58","slug":"getting-to-know-emile-durkheims-theory-of-social-facts","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/getting-to-know-emile-durkheims-theory-of-social-facts\/","title":{"rendered":"Getting to Know Emile Durkheim&#8217;s Theory of Social Facts"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Mudabicara.com_<\/span><\/span><\/strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> For lovers <\/span><\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">of sociology<\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">,<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> Emile Durkheim is one of the figures whose ideas need to be studied. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">As a philosopher and sociologist, Emile Durkheim&#8217;s contribution is no less great than that of earlier thinkers such as <\/span><\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Auguste Comte,<\/span><\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> Herbert Spencer<\/span><\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> and his contemporary sociologist Max Weber.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Emile Durkheim&#8217;s work entitled <\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">L&#8217;Ann\u00e9e Sociologique\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> contains his research on the science of sociology. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Like Max Weber, Emile Durkheim is also known as the Father of Modern Sociology.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">At the level of theory Emile Durkheim gave a significant influence in the development of sociology. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Some of his theories are about social facts and social order. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Durkheim tried to combine empirical approaches and sociological theory in his studies.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><a href=\"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/10-benefits-of-studying-government-science-for-young-people\/\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">READ ALSO: 10 Benefits of Learning Sociology for Young Children<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Now! <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">This time, young talk wants to review more deeply about Emile Durkhem&#8217;s theory of social facts and their influence on the development of sociological science and the world of intellectualism in general. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">For more, see the following <span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><a style=\"color: #0000ff;\" href=\"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/\">mudabicara <\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">reviews :<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Getting to Know Emile Durkheim at a Glance<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">David Emile Durkheim was born in a town called Epinal just northeast of France on April 15, 1858. He was born to a father named Moise Durkheim and mother Melanie Isidor Durkheim. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Emile Durkheim&#8217;s parents were devout Jews.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">In his scientific development, Durkheim was influenced by previous positivist thinkers such as Herbert Spencer and Auguste Comte. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The results of reading the thoughts of the two figures brought Emile Durkheim interested in the scientific approach method.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">As a future great thinker Emile Durkheim has shown his talent since childhood. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">He is a smart and intelligent child. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">This was proven when he was accepted at one of the renowned schools Ecole Normale de Superieure.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><a href=\"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/getting-to-know-auguste-comtes-three-stage-law-theory\/\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">READ ALSO: Getting to know Auguste Comte's Three-Stage Law Theory<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The school which is said to have given birth to many great thinkers in France. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">It was at the Ecole Normale de Superieure school that Emile Durkheim met other scientists such as Jean Jaures, Henry Bergson and Pierre Janet.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Emile Durkheim&#8217;s interest in social science is not only his reading of the work of positivism, but also because Durkhem sees that there is no scientific approach in the social sciences, especially sociology.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">At that time the French education system had not yet found a formula related to the social science curriculum. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Many students are more interested in studying philosophy, biology and psychology.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">In addition, Durkheim&#8217;s enthusiasm for pursuing social science was due to his desire to bring sociology out of the shadows of philosophy and put it into a science that could stand alone.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>Beberapa karya Emile Durkheim yang terkenal adalah\u00a0<em>On the Division of Social Labor<\/em>, <em>The Rules of Sociological Method<\/em>, <em>Suicide, and The Elementary Forms of Religious Life.<\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">However, apart from the above writings there are many more writings and analyzes of Durkheim which were published after his death. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Emile Durkheim breathed his last in 1917 after suffering from a paralysis.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h2><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Getting to Know Emile Durkheim&#8217;s Theory of Social Facts<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The theory of social facts is one of Emile Durkheim&#8217;s most significant contributions to the development of sociology. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">For Durkheim social facts are things outside the individual such as institutions, status, roles, laws, beliefs, norms and values \u200b\u200bthat exist outside the individual that can limit the individual.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><a href=\"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/get-to-know-max-webers-social-action-theory\/\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">READ ALSO: Understanding Max Weber's Theory of Social Action<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The concept of social fact theory is designed to discuss the social environment that limits individual behavior. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">With the theory of social facts, Durkheim tried to separate sociology from psychology and philosophy.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">According to him, the theory of social facts is a person&#8217;s way of doing <\/span><\/span><span style=\"color: #0000ff;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">social actions<\/span><\/span><\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> through a thought process based on a coercive attitude in social life.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Furthermore, Sociology must become an independent science by making social facts as the subject matter through empirical research and research.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Sociology is no longer discussing ideas as a subject like the previous thinkers, but sociology must be a science based on empirical activities. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Sociology should not be like philosophy based on mental activity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">One of Emile Durkheim&#8217;s works that focus on sociology with an empirical approach is entitled <\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The Rule of Sociological Method (1985)<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> and <\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Le Suicide (1987).<\/span><\/span><\/em><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">George Ritzer explains Durkheim&#8217;s work <\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The Rule Of Sociological Method<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> is a basic description of empirical research methods in sociology.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">While his work entitled\u00a0 <\/span><\/span><em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Le Suicide<\/span><\/span><\/em><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"> is the result of his research related to the influence of religion and symptoms of suicide by using empirical methods.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Reading Social Facts Through the Phenomenon of Suicide<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Emile Durkheim conducted research on the phenomenon of suicide. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The results of his research stated that suicide is a social fact that is influenced by social phenomena. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The social phenomena in question are divorce, economic problems, religion, social disintegration and social regulation.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The research then becomes an illustration related to the theory of social facts. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Where he researched statistics on suicide in various European countries.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">In the suicide statistics, he claims that these statistics are social facts even though there are actually many irregularities because they are prone to manipulation.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><a href=\"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/getting-to-know-auguste-comtes-system-of-positive-politics\/\"><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">READ ALSO: Getting to know Auguste Comte's System of Positive Politics<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/a><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">For example, research notes that a man&#8217;s suicide rate is 3 times higher than a woman&#8217;s and that men have the highest suicide rate in their 40s. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The results showed that the biggest cause of suicide was due to socio-economic factors.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">But what about death due to accident or accident, is it also included in the phenomenon of suicide? <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Therefore, social facts about suicide do not have absolute truth validity.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Durkheim argues that suicide rates increase when there is too much or too little disintegration and regulation in society.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Social Fact View<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The initial basis for social facts is the collective of individuals, similar to sociology, which identifies the relationship between social conditions and people&#8217;s behavior. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Social reality is a real social fact and cannot be reduced to the individual level.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Just as human life is greater than the sum of the individual cells that compose it, society has a higher reality than the individuals who make it up.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Durkheim makes an analogy with a building, how the physical structure of a room limits our actions. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">For example, someone will be able to enter the building of a house only through two doors or windows.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">READ ALSO: Understanding the Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism Max Weber<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">In the same way social facts shape our social environment and directly limit us. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">For example, the existence of norms, values, beliefs, ideologies, and so on effectively limits our choices of social action.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Finally, the main point of Emile Durkheim&#8217;s thinking is that one should not reduce the study of society to the individual level, they must remain at the level of social facts in order to explain social action on the basis of social facts.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Types of Social Facts<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<h4><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">1. Material Social Facts<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Material social facts are more focused on the study of legal and bureaucratic issues. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Of course, these social facts can be analyzed and empirical in nature so that people can conduct research with material social facts.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<h4><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">2. Non-Material Social Facts<\/span><\/span><\/h4>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Non-material social facts are culture and social institutions. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Non material here means that the social facts are abstract, such as one&#8217;s opinion, egoism and altruism.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">READ ALSO: 10 Benefits of Learning Philosophy for Young Children<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<h3><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Emile Durkheim&#8217;s Theory Criticism<\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Durkheim&#8217;s view of society and the positivist method was understood more than 100 years ago. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">This theory has also been heavily criticized by Interpretivists and Postmodernists.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">However, this does not stop many researchers from adopting quantitative and scientific approaches in analyzing social trends and social problems at the community level, especially at the individual level. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">There seems to be a view that society limits us in subtle and often unconscious ways.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">In contrast to Max Weber&#8217;s theory of social action, Emile Durkheim&#8217;s theory of social facts does negate the role of the individual as a social actor so that it has received criticism from various parties. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Whereas Max Weber explained that social action is a social activity that is full of individual motives.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Other critics, such as phenomenologists, argue that the whole concept of external reality in the theory of social facts is itself flawed, and instead of an external reality that limits the individual. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">There are many more fluid and diverse social realities that emerge and fade with social interaction.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<pre><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\"><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">READ ALSO: Getting to know Hans Georg Gadamer's Hermeneutic Theory<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">From this perspective, we may think that there is a system of social norms and values \u200b\u200bin the world, but this will only be real to us if we consider it real. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Of course this is nothing more than a thought and thus in reality we are truly free as individuals.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">Despite the criticism of Emile Durkheim, he remains a sociologist who is credited with bringing sociology as an independent social science. <\/span><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">In addition, Emile Durkheim was listed as the first Professor of social science in France.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">The analysis of empirical research methods on social facts is able to place sociology as a science that can compete with other established sciences.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><strong><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\"><span style=\"vertical-align: inherit;\">By: Azizah ()\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Mudabicara.com_ For lovers of sociology, Emile Durkheim is one of the figures <a class=\"read-more\" href=\"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/getting-to-know-emile-durkheims-theory-of-social-facts\/\" title=\"Getting to Know Emile Durkheim&#8217;s Theory of Social Facts\" itemprop=\"url\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":213,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":{"0":"post-210","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-social"},"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Getting to Know Emile Durkheim&#039;s Theory of Social Facts<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"The theory of social 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