{"id":33,"date":"2022-07-21T09:51:30","date_gmt":"2022-07-21T09:51:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/?p=33"},"modified":"2022-07-24T20:19:37","modified_gmt":"2022-07-24T20:19:37","slug":"political-system-definition-and-kinds","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/mudabicara.com\/en\/political-system-definition-and-kinds\/","title":{"rendered":"Political System, Definition and Kinds"},"content":{"rendered":"

Mudabicara.com_<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/strong> For young friends who study political science, of course, they are familiar with the understanding and terms of the political system. <\/span><\/span><\/span>Usually the political system is one of the compulsory subjects for students of the Faculty of Social and Political Sciences.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Then, what exactly is the meaning of a political system, the types and characteristics of a political system. <\/span><\/span><\/span>For more details, let’s read the following review <\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span>of <\/span><\/span>mudabicara.com<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/span><\/span><\/span> .<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n

Read Also : Get to know Ibn Khaldun's Theory of Social Change<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n
Understanding Political Systems<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n
The political system is a process of interaction between the community and the government in making policies that are a common goal.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
This system becomes an inseparable whole. <\/span><\/span><\/span>Therefore, the system becomes a form of reference in providing information and materials. <\/span><\/span><\/span>The system is also a set of structures that have their own functions and patterns.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
While politics is the science and art of a person or group in achieving power either constitutionally or unconstitutionally. <\/span><\/span><\/span>Politics can also be interpreted as a process of forming, formulating and implementing public policies.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Aristotle views politics as an attempt by citizens to create the common good.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
So that the political system is a process of communication between citizens and the government in formulating policies and sharing power in order to realize mutual prosperity. <\/span>In another sense, the political system is a political structure that works according to achieve common goals in the order of a country.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Understanding Political Systems From Experts<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n
David Easton<\/strong><\/h3>\n
According to this American political scientist, the political system is the sum total of interactions that result in the exchange of values \u200b\u200bnecessary for a society.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
David Easton understands the political system as the integration of all the activities through which social policies are formulated and carried out in other words the political system is a policy-making process.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Gabriel Abraham Almond<\/strong><\/h3>\n
According to a comparative political expert from the University of Chigago, the political system is a joint effort to organize the life of the state. <\/span>A system based on an independent society capable of carrying out the functions of adaptation and integration through the application of coercive and legal threats.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Robert Dahl<\/strong><\/h3>\n
According to this professor from Yale University, the political system is a pattern of public relations involving rules, authority and power.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Dahl understands that political outcomes come from competitive group interests so that the political system is a relationship between individuals or groups in determining influence, control, authority to how to apply power.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Read Also : Getting to know Auguste Comte\u2019s Three-Stage Law Theory<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n
Samuel P Huntington\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
According to this Harvard University political science professor, the political system is a system that forms social and economic groups. <\/span>The group can be formal or informal.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
For the character who is famous for the book <\/span><\/span>Clash of Civilizations and the Future of World Politics<\/span><\/span><\/em> , the political system is a culture, values, attitudes, orientations, beliefs that have an influence on changes in society.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Samuel P Huntington considers that the political system is a form of organizational structure based on society. <\/span>The structure can be in the form of government bureaucracy, political parties and the People’s Representative Council.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Miriam Budiardjo<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
According to this Professor of Political Science at the University of Indonesia, the political system is a basic concept of analysis that is useful for analysis. <\/span>For him, the political system is a series of processes and structures that are interrelated in exercising power in an authoritative manner.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Based on his book <\/span><\/span>Basics of Political Science,<\/span><\/span><\/em> Miriam Budiardjo argues that the political system must be embodied in the form of political party institutions.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
For him, political parties are organized institutions that have the orientation of ideals and goals to obtain constitutional power. <\/span>In the end, power can be fully in the interests of the state.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Rusadi Kantaprawira<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
According to the Professor of Political Science at the University of Pajajaran, the political system is a way of working or the mechanism of the political structure. <\/span>These political systems are interrelated with each other and display an ongoing relationship.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Sri Soemantri Martosoewignjo<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
According to this Professor of Law, the political system is an institution that connects humans to the political superstructure and infrastructure.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Various Political Systems<\/span><\/span><\/h2>\n
After understanding the meaning of the political system, now proceed to the various political systems. <\/span>Consider the various political systems as follows:<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Totalitarian Political System\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
A totalitarian political system is a political system in which the government has complete control over the people. <\/span>The government in this political system does not want opposition and at the same time imposes consensus on its citizens.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
In addition, this political system runs government by force and ideological doctrine to achieve goals. <\/span>Some countries that use this system are the Soviet Union and Germany during the reign of Adolf Hitler.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Liberal Democratic Political System\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
A liberal democratic political system is a political system that upholds individual freedom. <\/span>A government order that guarantees the rights of citizens above the power of the government.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Constitutionally, this liberal democratic political system gives its citizens the freedom to provide criticism and input to the government.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Basically, this system has been used by developed countries and several third world countries, one of which is Indonesia.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Post-reform Indonesia adopts a liberal democratic system with a multi-party presidential system.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Autocratic or Autocratic Political System\u00a0<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
Autocracy is a government system whose leadership is controlled by one person. <\/span>Community political activities cannot be carried out freely.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
For this system, the political activities of the people will only interfere with the improvement of development and the eradication of poverty.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Usually newly independent countries that use this system even though it has existed since the reign of the Roman Republic <\/span><\/span>.<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/p>\n
After World War II many countries got their independence and adopted this system as a system of government.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Read Aalso : Definition of Government System, Types and Examples<\/a><\/strong><\/span><\/pre>\n
Oligarchy Political System<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
Oligarchy political system is a system of government that is controlled by a small elite group of people. <\/span>This grouping can be based on wealth status, family lineage or military.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
This means that this system requires complete state sovereignty by one or a few people. <\/span>At a practical level, this system is almost the same as an autocratic political system. <\/span>Countries that use this system such as China and Vietnam.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Authoritarian Political System<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
An authoritarian political system is a system of government with complete power over a particular state or individual. <\/span>Individual freedom is lost in this political system because power is usually only held by one person or a few people.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Dictator Political System<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
A dictatorial political system is a political system in which the government is authoritarian and tends to be arbitrary to the people.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
People’s aspirations and freedoms do not exist in this political system because usually power begins with a process of political turmoil, violence or coups.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
Democratic Political System<\/span><\/span><\/strong><\/h3>\n
A democratic political system is a system in which the people have full power over the leadership process. <\/span>In this system the people can take part in the implementation of government.<\/span><\/span><\/p>\n
However, in this system the social, political and government power is limited by law so that the rights of individual citizens are maintained.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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