Mudabicara.com_ Dictator government system is a form of government that is almost the same as an authoritarian political system. The rulers in this government system have absolute power without a clearly binding constitution.
In general, a dictatorial government is held by someone who has a military general background. In addition to having power and weapons, a country that makes a military leader is usually experiencing an unstable political situation.
Now! Curious to find out more about what a dictatorial government system is, for more details, see the review of the following this article .
Overview of the Definition of a Dictator Government System
According to historical records, the word dictator first appeared when the crisis occurred in the Roman Republic. Dictatorship at that time was used to appoint a temporary judge who had extraordinary powers.
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In terminology, a dictatorial government system is a form of government system with rulers who are cruel, authoritarian and even tend to commit violence against the people.
Dictatorism itself has the meaning of an ideology that is run by a country with an authoritarian or dictatorial ruler.
On the other hand, the dictatorial government system has a background of violent processes and coups in gaining political power
Although in an authoritarian political system, the rulers do not give freedom to citizens, in governance and society, violence does not appear vulgar.
In many ways, the dictatorial system of government is the opposite of a democratic political system that puts the interests of the people at the forefront.
According to Jules Archer (1985:9), dictatorship is a ruler who obtains absolute power but does not pay attention to the aspirations of the people.
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In the book Political Dictionary Amien Rais, Sugiono, Iin Herlina and Usmar Salam (1985:50) defines a dictatorial government system as a government that carries out government brutally and oppresses opposition groups because of absolute power.
Causes of the Emergence of a Dictator Government System
There are several factors that cause the emergence of a dictatorial government system in a country. This can be in the form of political, cultural and even economic conditions.
Some of the things that led to the existence of a younger version of the dictatorial government system, among others:
1. State Laws Legitimize the Absence of Opposition
In the practice of running a government, a dictator will try to amend laws in the interest of power and minimize political enemies from being able to rule.
The opposition will receive threats if it carries out political interests, and often the opposition will accept violence and even murder on the pretext of security.
Usually the state with this system will establish a party and eliminate the opposition and if the military ruler will establish a military dictatorship.
Some countries that have practiced this practice are the Soviet Union and Italy. In suppressing the opposition of the communist party, the Soviet Union created a shadow party that had an equal chance in the election contestation.
This means that whoever is elected is basically a person who has the interests of the communist party. Meanwhile, in the Italian government, the Facist council has a requirement for mandatory parliamentary candidates from the facist group.
2. People are not satisfied with the government
At first, the people had distrust of the previous government system. The reason could be due to weak political and economic power so that the government does not run well and effectively.
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We can see this in the Indonesian government before Suharto and the Italian government before fascism.
3. The state of the people who are in a slump
In general, the dictatorial government system emerged as a form of government because the country had experienced colonialism, colonialism, poverty and suffering.
Ideas and ideas for people to move from their original conditions are always encouraged so that people slowly understand, follow and accept them.
Several examples of this phenomenon occurred in Russia when it followed Lenin’s ideas and Germany when it followed the ideas and ideas of Adoft Hitler.
4. Violence, Coup and Extra-Constitutional Violence
In various cases, countries that have adopted a dictatorial government system have started with violent, coup and extra-constitutional processes.
Some examples that illustrate this are Nazi Germany. At that time the Nazis could hold power constitutionally by controlling the number of seats in parliament.
Mussolini was elected as prime minister in Italy and the Bolsheviks were able to rule in Russia
Characteristics of a Dictatorship System
As a form of government that has absolute power, a dictatorial government system has various inherent characteristics, including:
1. Party as National Police
The meaning of the party as the state police is that in the beginning the party was one of the constitutional vehicles of a dictator in gaining power and parliamentary seats.
However, when the party was able to come to power, the function of the party gradually changed, many of the party members got seats and became state police.
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It is from this process that the system of security of power begins through threats of punishment, intimidation and depriving of individual freedoms and rights.
Sometimes to strengthen the legitimacy of power, dictatorial leaders use public opinion and propaganda techniques so that people continue to pay attention and trust in the government.
2. Dominate Leader Principles
In a dictatorial government system, usually a leader is personified as a nation and state.
A Nazi named Adoft Hilller who is famous for his modern totalitarian dictatorship once used this method in his leadership process.
Adoft Hitler with his absolute power introduced himself as the number one person in Germany but unfortunately a country with a strong dominance of leadership principles will collapse together when the leader falls or dies.
3. There is Oppression
In running the government, dictators use oppressive means to achieve social order. Government with this system does not tolerate any opposition. Opposition is an entity that jeopardizes power so it must be eliminated in the process of government.
In addition, human rights are not an important issue because human rights for the authorities are a weakness. In the context of decision making or policy, the leader is the main actor, Parliament is only the instrument of the right hand of the ruler.
On the other hand, in a dictatorial government system, controlling institutions such as the media only serve as a connector for positive government information.
As a result, various events that are detrimental to the government will be reported in reverse so that public opinion continues to give confidence to the government.
4. The Practice of Totalitarianism
The next feature of the dictatorial government system is totalitarianism. Totalitarianism is a form of absolute power that is distributed through policies and decisions based only on rulers.
In totalitarianism there are no criticisms and suggestions in the policy and decision-making process so that citizens inevitably have to submit and obey.
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The ideals of the nation and state from the perspective of the ruler must be fully supported by all citizens.
5. There is a False Democracy
In some cases, the face of the dictator uses the narrative of the democratic system in perpetuating his power. In practice, the democracy that is advertised is a fake democracy.
Because human rights and individual freedoms are only in words, because in reality there are a lot of power practices that violate human rights and grip individual freedom.
This practice of power was reflected when the Indonesian state was led by a general named Suharto. Suharto as a figure comes with a narrative of democracy but in practice he tends to use a dictatorial government system.
This is reflected in the absence of freedom of opinion and assembly as well as the role of the media as the mouthpiece of government news.
In addition, if someone or a group protested against the policy, they would receive threats and intimidation, some even leading to kidnapping and murder.
6. Aggressive Foreign Policy
Dictatorship rulers usually have an aggressive foreign policy view with the aim of solving domestic and world problems.
As an example of the Nazi nihilme view that made Adoft Hitler a common enemy for the countries of the European peninsula.
During his reign in the period 1988-1945 Adoft Hitler has committed many war crimes to the practice of Genocide.
Initially, Hitler’s main enemies were not other countries but the Jews, but Hitler’s aggressiveness that went beyond the boundaries of his country’s sovereignty resulted in him becoming a common enemy.
7. Cultivation of Ideology
The last characteristic of a dictatorial government system is the existence of ideology. Ideology is the only source of energy in influencing the people by feeling as the most righteous and formidable nation.
With this exclusive narrative, citizens feel that they are the truest nation and state so that they will oppress the country they consider to be inferior.
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We can find this practice in the Nazi phenomenon in Germany who felt that they were one of the best nations, namely the Aryan race.
In the end, a dictatorial government system is a government system that has colored various aspects of world political history. And strangely, under certain conditions, dictators have different faces from one country to another.
So many explanations about the dictatorial government system this time, hopefully it will be a reading material for political science for young speakers, happy reading!